1. Tigrinya

• The most widely spoken language, especially in the central and southern highlands (including the capital, Asmara).

• Uses the Ge’ez (Ethiopic) script.

• Spoken mainly by the Tigrinya ethnic group.

2. Tigre

• Spoken primarily in the northern and western lowlands.

• Also uses the Ge’ez script in writing, though the language is often passed on orally.

3. Arabic

• Widely used as a lingua franca, especially among Muslim communities and in coastal areas.

• Also used in religious education and trade.

• Arabic is one of the working languages of the Eritrean government.

4. Saho

Spoken by the Saho people in the eastern lowlands.

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5. Afar

• Spoken in the southern coastal region near Djibouti.

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6. Bilen

Spoken around Keren and nearby areas.

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7. Kunama

Spoken in the western lowlands near the Sudanese border.

8. Nara

Spoken in the northwest.

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• Eritrea is officially a multilingual country with no single official language, but it recognizes several local languages as part of its national identity.